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Important New Treatment Option Approved in US for Patients with the Most Aggressive Form of Brain Ca
Important New Treatment Option Approved in US for Patients with the Most Aggressive Form of Brain Cancer
FDA Grants Accelerated Approval of Avastin for Brain Cancer (Glioblastoma) that has progressed following prior therapy
Roche today announced that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval of Avastin (bevacizumab) for people with glioblastoma with progressive disease following prior therapy. The new indication for Avastin was granted under the FDA's accelerated approval program that allows provisional approval of medicines for cancer or other life-threatening diseases. It follows the unanimous vote by the FDA Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee (ODAC) on March 31st.
"People with this type of brain cancer have had no new treatments in more than a decade," said Timothy Cloughesy, M.D., director, Neuro-Oncology Program of the
"Today's approval would not have been possible without the dedication of physicians, patient advocates, the FDA and most importantly the people who participated in the clinical trials and their families who had the courage to support them," said William M. Burns, CEO of Roche's Pharmaceuticals Division. "A global Phase III trial in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma will soon begin enrollment to further evaluate Avastin in this setting."
The National Brain Tumor Society, an American patient group, has welcomed the FDA's accelerated approval of Avastin. "A brain cancer diagnosis is devastating because the tumors invade brain tissue and can cause rapid deterioration," said Harriet Patterson, director of patient services for the National Brain Tumor Society. "Until now, people with relapsed glioblastoma have had almost no treatment choices and little hope."
Following initial treatment with chemotherapy and radiation, more than 90% of patients with glioblastoma will see their cancer return and there are few effective treatments when the initial therapy stops working. Median survival following progression of this cancer is approximately six months.1
The effectiveness of Avastin for this aggressive form of brain cancer is based on an improvement in objective response rate from the BRAIN study (AVF
Roche has also filed an application with the EMEA in December 2008 for marketing authorisation for Avastin as a therapy for patients with previously treated glioblastoma. The BRAIN study forms the basis of both US and European regulatory submissions.
About the BRAIN Study
The accelerated approval is based on independently reviewed data from the BRAIN study which was an open-label, multicenter, non-comparative Phase II study that included 167 patients with glioblastoma that had progressed following initial treatment with temozolomide and radiation. Patients were randomized into two arms: Avastin alone or Avastin in combination with irinotecan. A primary endpoint of the study was objective response rate. Response was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and measured using World Health Organization radiographic criteria along with decreased or stable corticosteroid use. MRI does not necessarily distinguish between the tumor, swelling (edema), or tissue death (necrosis) caused by prior radiation therapy.
In the 85 patients treated with Avastin alone, the study showed:
In 26 percent (95% confidence interval: 17.0%, 36.1%) of patients tumor response was observed; In patients where tumor response was observed, half experienced a response of at least 4.2 months (95% confidence intervals: 3.0 months, 5.7 months) 4The second co-primary endpoint was 6 month progression-free survival (PFS); overall survival and safety were also evaluated
The median age of the patients treated with Avastin alone was 54 years. Additionally, 32 percent were female, 81 percent were in first relapse, 45 percent had a Karnofsky performance status (KPS) of 90 to 100 and 55 percent had a KPS of 70 to 80. Patients with active brain hemorrhage were excluded from the study.
Most adverse events related to Avastin in this trial appeared to be similar to those previously reported in other studies of Avastin in other solid tumors. The most frequently reported adverse events in patients treated with Avastin alone were fatigue (45%), headache (37%), high blood pressure (30%), diarrhea (21%) and nose bleeds (19%). There were two deaths possibly associated with adverse events in the group of patients treated with Avastin alone. 4
About Glioblastoma
Glioma (cancer of the glial cells) is the most common type of malignant primary brain tumor (a tumor that originates in the brain), accounting for approximately one third of all cases diagnosed3. Glioblastoma (or glioblastoma multiforme; GBM) is the most common and most aggressive type of glioma3. The prognosis for patients with GBM is poor, and generally depends on the success of surgery to remove the tumor.
Glioblastoma affects approximately 10,000 people per year in the
About Avastin
Avastin is a biologic antibody designed to specifically inhibit the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein that plays an important role in the development and maintenance of blood vessels, a process known as angiogenesis. VEGF is a potent activator of angiogenesis throughout the lifecycle of a tumor and is thought to be critical to a tumor's ability to grow and spread in the body (metastasize). Avastin is approved in EU for the treatment of the advanced stages of four common cancer types: colorectal cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer and kidney cancer. More than 500,000 patients have been treated with Avastin so far.
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